El umhlaza wesibindi ezinjeni Sisifo esiyingozi esichaphazela elinye lawona malungu abalulekileyo emzimbeni: isibindi. Ibonakaliswa ngokukhula okungaqhelekanga kweeseli kweli lungu, eziphazamisa ukusebenza kwayo ngokufanelekileyo. Isibindi sinemisebenzi ebalulekileyo, njengokuguqulwa kwezondlo, ukuchithwa kwegazi, kunye nokulawulwa kwemetabolism. Ke ngoko, naluphi na utshintsho lunokuba neziphumo ezibi kwimpilo yesilwanyana sethu.
Olu hlobo lomhlaza lunokuba yiprayimari okanye i-metastatic. Elokuqala liphuma esibindini, ngelixa elesibini liphuma kwelinye ithumba eliye lametastasized kweli lungu.
Iintlobo zomhlaza wesibindi kwizinja
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze umhlaza wesibindi ezinjeni, nganye ineempawu ezithile malunga nemvelaphi yayo, ukukhula kunye nonyango. Ngezantsi, sichaza ezona zixhaphakileyo:
- Umhlaza wokuqala: Oku akuqhelekanga kwaye kuchaphazela kakhulu izinja ezindala. Kukukhula okungaqhelekanga kwiiseli zesibindi, kwiimeko ezininzi ziyingozi.
- Umhlaza weMetastatic: Enye yezona zixhaphakileyo. Isuka kwamanye amalungu omzimba kwaye isasazeka esibindini, ikwachaphazela inkqubo ye-biliary.
- Hepatocellular carcinoma: Lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lomhlaza wokuqala ezinjeni. Ngokuqhelekileyo inkulu, ibandakanya iindawo ezinkulu zesibindi.
- I-biliary carcinoma: Ichaphazela kakhulu i-bile ducts yesibindi kwaye inokuziphatha okukhohlakeleyo, kunye namathuba aphezulu okuba ne-metastasis.
- Iineoplasms zeMesenchymal: Bagquma amathumba asuka kwiiseli zezicubu ezidibeneyo zesibindi, njenge-hemangiosarcomas kunye ne-fibrosarcomas, ezidla ngokuba yi-metastatic.
Zonke ezi ntlobo zomhlaza zineempawu ezithile, kodwa zabelane ngeempawu eziqhelekileyo, esiza kuzixoxa kamva.
Yintoni unobangela?
Nangona unobangela ngqo emva umhlaza wesibindi ezinjeni, kukho izinto ezininzi eziyingozi. Akukho namnye kubo oqinisekisa ukuba inja iya kuhlakulela isifo, kodwa bayakwandisa amathuba okuba sivele.
- Ukwaluphala: Nangona umhlaza unokubakho kwizinja eziselula, uxhaphake kakhulu kwezo zingaphezu kweminyaka eli-10 ubudala. Oku kubangelwa yingqokelela yotshintsho kwiiseli zesibindi ngokuhamba kwexesha.
- Imfuza: Ezinye iintlobo zezilwanyana kunokwenzeka ukuba ziphuhlise iintlobo ezithile zamathumba esibindi. Iintlobo ezifana neGolden Retrievers, abelusi baseJamani kunye neeBoxers zibonisa ukulungelelaniswa okukhulu.
- Ukuba sesichengeni kwiityhefu: Iikhemikhali, izibulali-zinambuzane, izityalo ezinetyhefu kunye nezinye izinto zingonakalisa isibindi. Ukuvezwa ixesha elide okanye okugqithisileyo kunokubangela iinguqu ezikhuthaza ukukhula komhlaza.
- Izigulo zangaphambili: Izifo zentsholongwane okanye iintsholongwane ezichaphazela isibindi, kunye nokungaphumeleli kwesibindi kunye nokuphazamiseka kwe-immune, kunokubangela izinto ezibangela.
- indawo: Imiba yokusingqongileyo enjengokutya okungenazondlo-zondlo, ungcoliseko kunye nemikhwa engafanelekanga yokutya nako kunokufaka isandla ekuphuhliseni amathumba esibindi.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ukuxilongwa kwangaphambili kwandisa amathuba onyango oluyimpumelelo, ngoko ke ukuqaphela iimpawu kubalulekile.
Zithini iimpawu?
Isibindi lilungu elinokumelana nomonakalo omkhulu ngaphandle kokubonisa iimpawu ezicacileyo. Ngelishwa, oku kuthetha ukuba umhlaza wesibindi uhlala ufunyaniswa ukwinqanaba eliphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, i ezona mpawu ziqhelekileyo faka:
- Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya okanye utshintsho kwindlela yokutya.
- Ukuqhaqha eziphindaphindayo.
- Ukuthoba umzimba ngequbuliso
- Ukungabikho komdla okanye ukungabi namdla ekutyeni.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla.
- Ukuhamba ngokubanzi okanye ubuthathaka.
- Ukudumba esiswini ngenxa yokuqokelelana kwamanzi (ascites).
- Jaundice, oko kukuthi, ithoni etyheli eluswini, emehlweni nakwiintsini, okubangelwa kukuqokelelana kwebilirubin ephuma ekuqhekekeni kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi.
- Ukuhlaselwa kwizinja esele zenze i-hepatic encephalopathy.
- ilindle okanye ngegazi.
Iimpawu zisenokungabonakali ngokukhawuleza okanye zibe buthathaka kangangokuba zingaphawulwa. Ukuba inja yakho ibonisa nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, kubalulekile ukuba uye kugqirha wezilwanyana ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuze uhlolwe.
Ukuxilongwa komhlaza wesibindi kwizinja
Uxilongo oluchanekileyo lwe umhlaza wesibindi Yinkqubo ebandakanya iimvavanyo ezininzi zokuqinisekisa imeko yesibindi kunye nokuvavanya ubungakanani bomonakalo. Idla ngokuqhutywa:
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Banceda ukuchonga ukungaqhelekanga kwi-enzyme yesibindi kunye namanqanaba e-bilirubin. Ukongeza, bavumela umsebenzi wesibindi jikelele ukuba uhlolwe.
- I-Ultrasound kunye ne-x-reyi: Olu vavanyo lomfanekiso luvumela ukubonwa kwamathumba, ubukhulu bawo kunye nokwandiswa kwesibindi, kunye namanye amalungu akufutshane.
- I-biopsy yesibindi: Ibandakanya ukuthatha isampulu yesihlunu sesibindi ukuze sifundwe phantsi kwemakroskopu. Le yeyona ndlela isebenzayo yokufumanisa ukuba i-tumor inobungozi okanye iyingozi.
- I-Computed Tomography (CT) o Umfanekiso wemagnetic resonance imaging (MRI): Ezi zifundo zivumela ukuba kufunyanwe imifanekiso eneenkcukacha nezichanekileyo ukuze kuhlolwe ubungakanani bethumba kunye nesicwangciso sotyando olunokwenzeka.
Ukuxilongwa kwangoko kuphucula iindlela zonyango, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha wezilwanyana ukuba ubona naziphi na iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga kwinja yakho.
Unyangwa njani umhlaza wesibindi ezinjeni?
El unyango lomhlaza wesibindi kwizinja iyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo kunye nohlobo thumba, kwakunye nobudala kunye nemeko jikelele yesilwanyana. Olona khetho luxhaphakileyo lubandakanya:
- Utyando: Kwiimeko ze-tumor eziphambili okanye ezinkulu, olona khetho lusebenzayo kukususa i-lobe yesibindi echaphazelekayo. Isibindi sinomthamo ophezulu wokuvuselela, sikwazi ukusebenza ngokuchanekileyo kunye ne-25% kuphela yobukhulu bayo bokuqala. Emva kotyando, ukuchacha ngokuqhelekileyo kuyathandeka kwiimeko ze-benign tumors.
- Ukunyanga ngamayeza: Isetyenziswe ikakhulu kwi-metastatic tumors okanye xa utyando lungenakwenzeka. Ayizizo zonke iithumba eziphendula ngendlela efanayo kwi-chemotherapy, ngoko ke ukuxilongwa okukhethekileyo kubalulekile ukumisela eyona ndlela ilungileyo.
- Radiotherapy: Kwezinye iimeko, isetyenziselwa ukunciphisa i-tumor kunye nokunciphisa intlungu. Olu nyango aluxhaphakanga kwizinja ngenxa yeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokuthi zibangele.
- Ukhathalelo lwePalliative: Ukuba ithumba liqhubele phambili kakhulu okanye alinakunyangwa ngokufanelekileyo, ugqirha wezilwanyana unokucebisa ukhathalelo lokuthomalalisa ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi benja kunye nokukhulula iimpawu ezinzima ngakumbi.
Ubomi benja enomhlaza wesibindi buxhomekeke kuhlobo lwethumba kunye nokubhaqwa kwalo kwangethuba. Kwiithumba ezinobungozi ezingasebenziyo, i-prognosis ayithandeki kangako, kunye nexesha elilindelekileyo lokuphila malunga nonyaka omnye. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ze-benign tumors okanye ukunyangwa kwangethuba, inja inokuphila iminyaka emininzi emva kokuxilongwa.
Ngaba inokuthintelwa?
Ngelixa kungekho ndlela yokuthintela umhlaza wesibindi ezinjeni, uthotho lwamanyathelo anokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko okanye ukubona iingxaki ezinokwenzeka kwangoko:
- Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kwezilwanyana: Ukuhlolwa kwamaxesha ngamaxesha kusivumela ukuba sibone nakuphi na ukungahambi kakuhle kwimpilo yenja yakho. Uvavanyo lwegazi lunokunika iimpawu zakwangoko zokungahambi kakuhle kwesibindi.
- Isondlo esisempilweni: Ukubonelela ngokutya okunokulinganisela kunye nokuphepha ukutya okuneekhemikhali ezigqithisileyo okanye izigcini zikhuthaza impilo yesibindi.
- Kuphephe ukuchanabeka kwiityhefu: Khusela inja yakho kwiikhemikhali, izitshabalalisi, izitshabalalisi okanye izityalo ezinokuba yingozi.
- Ugonyo kunye nothintelo lwezifo: Olunye usulelo lwentsholongwane, olufana ne-infectious canine hepatitis, lunokusichaphazela kakhulu isibindi.
Umhlaza wesibindi ezinjeni sisifo esintsonkothileyo esinokuchaphazela kakhulu impilo kunye nempilo yezilwanyana zethu zasekhaya. Nangona kunjalo, ngokufunyaniswa kwangethuba kunye nonyango olufanelekileyo, umgangatho wobomi bezinja eziphethwe yiyo unokuphuculwa kakhulu. Kubalulekile ukusoloko ujongwa rhoqo ngugqirha wezilwanyana kwaye sithathele ingqalelo naziphi na iimpawu zokuziphatha okungaqhelekanga kwizilwanyana zethu zasekhaya. Ngale ndlela, sinokwenza ngokukhawuleza ukubanika olona khathalelo lubalaseleyo.